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Australia (yacht)
''Australia'' (KA–5) is an Australian 12-metre-class America's Cup racing yacht that twice challenged unsuccessfully for the America's Cup in 1977 and 1980. Designed by Ben Lexcen in association with the Dutch designer Johan Valentijn for Alan Bond, ''Australia'' failed to win a single race against the 1977 defender, ''Courageous '' (US-26), but managed to win one race against the 1980 defender, ''Freedom'' (US-30). ''Australia'' resides in Sydney, Australia, and is currently located at the Sydney Amateur Sailing Club (SASC) in Mosman Bay, Sydney Harbour.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.australian12m.com/ka-5-australia/ )〕
==Design and Construction==
''Australia'' was designed during 1976 by Ben Lexcen in association with the Dutch designer Johan Valentijn. Both men spent seven months experimenting with 1/9th scale models in the University of Delft test tank in the Netherlands.〔
''Australia'' is a conventional design and has been described as a "Courageous-style boat". It has v-shaped mid-ship sections, a low freeboard, large bustle and a low aft run finishing in a wide U-shaped transom. Its fore overhang is very narrow and round shaped in its lowest part. The cockpits are shallow, keel is thin and the ballast is placed very low. The elliptical mast is made in extruded aluminium.〔 ''Australia'' was approximately lighter than ''Courageous'' and it was hoped that by lowering the freeboard and taking a penalty on length, ''Australia'' would prove faster than the US boat.〔
''Australia'' was built by Steve Ward in Perth and launched in February 1977. ''Australia'' then sailed in sea trials against Alan Bond's 1974 challenger, ''Southern Cross'' (KA-4), off Yanchep in Western Australia. The older boat remained a trial horse for ''Australia'' during the 1977 America's Cup series.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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